Classification of bridge, components of bridges, basic parts of a bridge. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. The Superstructure Girders These are made mainly from either concrete or metal. steel or composite). The different types of bearings in bridges have been further explained below: The pin bearing allows the rotational movements utilizing steel members. These superstructure bridge components mainly comprise of the following: Bridge girder or Beams Bridge Bearing Bridge Arches Bridge Cables Bridge Handrails Superstructure: The entire parts of the bridge which are attached above the assisting substructure arrangement, it covers parts such as girders, slab, decking, . I love to share my experience on civil engineering and construction estimates. The basic function of bridge superstructure is to permit the uninterrupted smooth passage of. Sp Advanced strength and applied stress analysis by richard g. budynas, Reinforced slab bridge design(AASHTO allowable stress design method), Bridge Engineering and Extreme Events: Wind effects on bridge decks, Collapse propagation in bridge structures. The deck is usually supported by beams or girders, which are in turn supported by piers or deep foundations with caps. Superstructure. Load path characteristics (orthotropic, slab bridge). They are also sometimes called the beam, and their job is to provide some support for the deck of the bridge. It consists of the following. it is the load bearing member which supports the deck. The primary objective of the pin is to permit the rotations while the objective of the curved surface is to permit the translational movements. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Various types of piers and pier heads can be combined depending on the type of superstructure, construction method, adjacent road conditions, and . close menu Language. engineer to design the beams, bridge deck, and other components. What are the 6 main components of a suspension bridge? the superstructure components can vary for steel, concrete and composite bridges. . The structure from the top of the plinth to the top of the building. As a highly capable individual with a strong academic background, I am proud to say that I already possess a comprehensive understanding of the technical elements of civil engineering. Cable stay. Railway bridges are comprised of either cast I situ or precast RCC slab in case of the narrow bridge carrying lighter loads the slab is simply supported on the bottom floor. Foundation types vary, but likely your house or addition does or will have one of these three foundations: full or daylight basement, crawlspace, or concrete slab-on-grade . It is capable of resisting the service movements as well as damping. The abutments also provide additional support to the dead loads and the live loads imposed on the bridge. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. 1. Visual inspection of bridge components is the first action to identify the defects and quantify the extent and . Basic Components and Parts of Bridge The handrails also serve as the safety component of the bridge and can also be used to improve the aesthetic appearance of the bridge. The bearings are highly important for the transmission of the imposed loads particularly when the substructure components of the bridge have not been constructed to withstand the loads directly. The superstructure consists of floor and roof decks, horizontal members that tie and support them and the vertical members that support the other components. The component of a bridge which supports the deck or riding surface of the bridge. These consists of, A balanced cantilevered bridge consists of a span simply supported over cantilevers. In the bridge design profession, no other component elicits so much discussion, and even downright controversy, as to the type of elements to be utilized in construction. Close suggestions Search Search. Design of reinforced flat slabs to bs 8110 (ciria 110), Shear, bond bearing,camber & deflection in prestressed concrete, Bridge Design Engineering - In the Saddle - Issue 85 - 2016. International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Materials Research. Girders extend over all the pile caps joining all of them together. The superstructure components of the bridge refer to the components that lie above bearings. Freeboard at any point is the difference between the highest flood level after allowing for afflux if any and the formation level of road embankment on the approaches or top level of guide bind at that point. Of the various deterioration issues in bridges, one of the most common and costly is malfunctioning of expansion joints, connecting two bridge spans, due to accumulation of debris and dirt in the joint. Depending on the bridge's length, girders can either be multiple-span or single-span. The basic components that are required for the substructure of a building include the foundation and plinth beam. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything. In the case of arch bridges, the arches assist in resisting the forces exerted on the bridge. The abutments are constituted of vertical structures designed to retain the earth behind the bridge structure. Handrail, guards stone and flooring supported such as beams, girder, arches cables. Here girders are utilized for providing support to the deck. As per Ramayana by C.Rajjgopala Chari, so Nala, the son of Viswakarma was the first bridge engineer who successfully, constructed the great causeway which shone across the sea like, a milky way in the sky. Classification of bridge, components of bridges, basic parts of a bridge, The clear span distance between any two adjacent support of a bridge is called a clear span. These components are much needed so that we can easily transfer the load from the superstructure to the ground. 1. Superstructure of the bridge bears the load passing over it. Communication lines run through the superstructure. This type of bearing does not allow rotational and lateral movements. The superstructure of the bridge structure consists of deck slab, girder, truss etc. These components safely transfer the dead loads, live loads and other loads to the substructure (foundation and plinth) which further distributes it to the underlying earth. The main purpose of the bridge superstructure components is to successfully support the live load and the dead load imposed on them and transmit that load to the bridge substructure components. 1. The primary purpose of a bearing is to allow free movement or vibration of the upper superstructure while reducing the amount of stress that reaches the bridge foundation. . This aids in the transmission of the . It comprises the deck slab, girders, truss, etc. A superstructure is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline. A superstructure (the bridge deck) is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline called ground level and it usually serves the purpose of the structure's intended use. For these bridges, the bearings can be used to adjust the elevation of the girders and the finished riding surface. What is superstructure What does it need? Beams or girders, arches, cables, handrails, parapet walls, and decks are among the superstructure components. The important additional force which the abutments have to withstand is the earths pressure of earth filling behind the abutment. The superstructure bears the weight of the load as it passes through the bridge. Ozamiz city Usually, the selection of the type of bearing is done based on several factors such as types of loadings, geometry, and dimensions of the bridge, the displacement and deflection, availability of the materials, financial resources available, clearance available, maintenance criteria, etc. Copy right 2017-2020 civilknowledges.com, What is bridge in civil engineering:- Classification of bridge, Components, Parts, What is bridge in civil engineering:- Type, Classification of bridge, Components, Parts, Types of Sleepers in railway, Characteristics, Functions, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Block (Acc block):- Manufacturing process, Properties, Advantages, What is m-sand (Manufactured sand)? Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. However, per the Specifications, 2.4 ksi could be used for the pier footing. The automobiles are protected from tumbling out by a parapet. As much as possible, cross references are used to avoid duplication. Click here to review the details. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. it is similar to class A train of the vehicle with reduced axle load and tire contact dimensions. Superstructure or decking component . The I.R.C class AA loading corresponds to the class 70 loading and is based on original classification method of defence authority. It consists of the following. In Buildings, the portion of the structure that is above ground level that receives the live load is referred to as Superstructure. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. 2.3 Components of Bridge: 2.3.1 Superstructure. . The various parts and components of a bridge are as follows: Deck Superstructure Substructure Foundation Girder or beam Bridge tower Pier Pier cap Bearings Piles Pile cap Bridge anchor Suspension cable Let us learn each component of a bridge in detail below. the superstructure components can vary for steel, concrete and composite bridges. Superstructure - The superstructure of a bridge is analogous to a single-story building roof and substructure to that of the wall, column, and foundation. The design of the abutments is done precisely in the same manner as the design of the pier. Piers 3. Elements and components of steel bridge. It consists of the following abutment, pier, Dingwall, foundation. Beams are mostly used in the concrete bridges. SUBSTRUCTURE: The substructure is the part of the bridge under the superstructure. Between the bridge girder and the pier cap, there is a bearing. This is applicable to full superstructure bridge moves and for modular superstructure element bridges. Building parts located above ground such as the column, beam, floor, roof, etc. The roller type bearing essentially consists of cylindrical rollers and balls. Handrails, guards, stones, arches, beams, girders, & cables support the flooring. Basic components and parts of bridge structures. Concrete 28-day compressive strength- For all components of this pier design example, 4.0 ksi is used for the 28-day compressive strength. The substructure components of bridge refer to the components of the bridge that lie below the bearings. You can read the details below. iv) DeckThe deck is made up of the highway or rail surface that allows vehicles to pass across the bridge. The story of great bridges is hardly a hundred years old, and though it is not apparent at first glance, many of the types in use today. Irresistible content for immovable prospects, How To Build Amazing Products Through Customer Feedback. The superstructure consists of the structural members carrying a communication route. Mostly, piers are made up of concrete and are provided at intermediate points throughout the bridge. Parapet Wall and Handrail 8. AI and Machine Learning Demystified by Carol Smith at Midwest UX 2017, Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project, Harry Surden - Artificial Intelligence and Law Overview, Solonia.Teodros_Introduction to Design Thinking.pdf, Best Interior Designing Company in Patna - Zee Architect 6 oct.docx, www-digistore24-com-redir-394659-Bethk77- (1).pdf. The foot bridge is a bridge exclusively used for carrying pedestrian cycle and animals. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF HIGHWAY USING AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D AN Control of Traffic Signals by AI based Image Processing. The deck consists of the roadway or the rail surface that facilitate the passage of traffic in the bridge. 16.4. Major Components of Bridge Bridge major components are sub divided into two categories; The basic objective of bridge construction is to overcome various obstacles or establishing the linkage between two locations intervened by some obstructions. The bridges superstructure components are described in further detail below. The parapet also functions as the means of separation of traffic streams. The various types of bearings used in bridges: The components of the bridge that are below the bearings are referred to as substructure components. The shape of columns or piers and abutments generally, should be such as to cause the least impediment to the flow of water. The substructure of a bridge consists of the following 5 components parts: 1. Bridges are varied in type, but most of them have almost the same components that complete it. Span is the distance between points of support (eg piers, abutment). COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND PREFABRICATED BUILDING USING PRIMAVERA, Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of hydrogen and battery-based aircraft. The portions of roadway or railway on both the ends of a bridge are known as approaches. It is the form of the fixed bearing. A case study of an empirical evaluation of the effect of landfill leachate on No public clipboards found for this slide. The superstructure of the girder bridge mainly consists of the following components: Deck: The deck refers to the roadway or the walkway of the girder bridge. The prestressed concrete bridge is a higher load-carrying capacity and fewer expansion joints the prestressed member are light and best suited for artistic and architectural treatment. Bridges, Collection by Dr. Aziz I. Abdulla, Construction Of A Viaduct/Bridge: An Overview, structure, technology and materials of highrise buildings. Even today the portion of the sea where the bridge was built is popularly known as Setu Samudra. A bridge is a structure that carries moving loads over a deep valley or obstacle such as a river, channel, road, or railway. The steel cylinder is commonly referred to as the pot. Mostly, the deck is supported by the beams or the girders that are further supported by the piers or deep foundations with caps. The class loading was proposed by IRC with the objects of covering the worst combination of axle load and axle spacings likely to aries from various type of vehicle. Bridges made from modular basic components tha t can be moved by medium or light m achinery. Bridge Engineering Approaches. A low cast bridge may be defined as a bridge constructed at a low cost and capable of being maintained at a low cast. The bridge's superstructure components are described in further detail below. However, the type of superstructure components may vary based on the type of bridge i.e. Prestressed concrete, ember required high tensile steel which is more expensive than ordinary mild steel. Broadly a bridge can be divided into major parts: components of bridges. It alone can be used as bridge bearing in the cases where the rotational movements at the supports due to the deflection is negligible. Components of bridges - Read online for free. Bridge engineering (super structure and substructure components). Substructure includes those components of a bridge that are above the foundation but excludes bearings and superstructure. The major disadvantage of using this bearing is that it relatively accumulates more dust and debris. It consists of a pin at the upper portion and a curved surface at the bottom portion. The superstructure components of the bridge have been further explained below. Decks This rise is known as afflux. Let's study the components of the bridge from Bottom to Top. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Bearing 6. The specific components vary based on the type of bridge and its materials such as concrete or steel. What are the 3 types of foundations? use of timber bridge is limited to areas where timber logs are found in plenty. This bearing essentially consists of a pin that is composed of upper and lower semicircularly recessed surfaces with a solid circular pin placed between them. The bridge construction superstructure components of bridge consisting of Girders Trusses Barrier Arches Decks Bearings in Bridges Parapets and Handrails/ Guard Rails or Curbs This components of bridge differ depending on the bridge design (whether concrete or steel or composite). The beams and girders are provided to support the road pavement thereby preventing it from bending. This structure transfers the loads from the upper part of the building to the substructure. It may carry loads through compression, bending, tension, or a mixture of all these three methods. In the case of girder bridges, girders consisting of I-shaped cross-sections and two load-bearing flanges and webs are mostly used. Bridging the Gap Between Data Science & Engineer: Building High-Performance T How to Master Difficult Conversations at Work Leaders Guide, Be A Great Product Leader (Amplify, Oct 2019), Trillion Dollar Coach Book (Bill Campbell). Components of bridge. The superstructure components mainly include the beams or girders, arches, cables, handrails, parapet walls, and decks. It consists of numerous simple spans, a single continuous span assisted . Girder/Deck. Sliding Bearing consists of two metal plates that are capable of sliding against each other. The bridge structure comprises of the following parts. The structural form of a bridge superstructure refers to how gravity and lateral loads are transmitted from the bridge deck to the foundation. Repair to permanent work and Temporary need. This helps in transmitting the forces formed by the loads to the below substructures. The bridge structure consists of the following components: In recent girder steel bridges, the shapes generally used are plate girders and box-girders. components of bridges The specific components vary based on the type of bridge and its materials such as concrete or steel. Cable Anchorage. It is easily available. Several deterioration mechanism can impact the integrity of bridge superstructure (mainly bridge decks). Light construction such as footbridge, forest train structure, etc. They are are one of the oldest types of modern bridges. EXTREME CLIMATIC EVENTS IN CHALAKKUDY TOWN, THRISSUR DISTRICT, KERALA. Apart from this, the parapet also functions as the noise barrier and also prevent waste and rubbish from passing below. This part of building safely transfers the load of building to the underlying soil.Therefore, footing should be of such strength that it can easily carry the building load. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. The main components of a cable-stayed bridge are as follows: Pylon/Tower. The wing walls are the substructure components that simply refer to the extension of the abutments to retain the earth in the approach bank. College of Engineering and Technology A superstructure can be thought of as the conduit which carries a roadway over a crossing. The foundation is the structure that is below the ground level and it serves as direct contact with the superstructure. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Classification of bridge, These are the bridge at right angles to the axis of river. Components of a Cable-Stayed Bridge. Bridging the Gap Between Data Science & Engineer: Building High-Performance T How to Master Difficult Conversations at Work Leaders Guide, Be A Great Product Leader (Amplify, Oct 2019), Trillion Dollar Coach Book (Bill Campbell). Answer: A superstructure is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline called Ground Level in general and it usually serves the purpose of the structure's intended use. Lack of resources, time, money, or skill. iii) Parapet Walls and HandrailsThe parapets and railings serve as the bridges protective safety features. These caps prevent the sliding off of the pin as well as withstand the uplifts. The parts of the structure lying on the grounds and below the ground floor level are called the plinth. The components of the bridge are picked to fit not only its use case scenario (pedestrian, highway, railway, transit or industrial bridges) but also location on which it is built, the span between its main structural beams and their basic structure (arch, beam, cantilever, cable-stayed, suspension or other). A Bridge superstructure includes the deck (slab), pavement etc. On a bridge, the portion of the structure that is the span and directly receives the live load is referred to as the superstructure. This helps in transmitting the forces formed by the loads to the below ii) Arches and Cables Arch bridges have arches, whereas suspension and cable-stayed bridges have cables. The pot is fitted on the disk on a vertical axis. Structural components of bridges are based on parametric definitions involving deck types and various bridge properties . A Substructure is an underlying or supporting structure to superstructure. Structures They are the end support of the superstructure. The pin bearings do not permit the translational and lateral movements. Suspension bridge consists of sets of cable hanging in a curve from which the road way is supported. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); You have entered an incorrect email address! Beam or girder is that part of superstructure structure which is under bending along the span. The term "girder" is often used interchangeably with . Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Cast iron and steel were the new material to catch the fancy of the engineers after the stone had been dominating a major part of the history of the building. C5.4.2.1 Reinforcing steel cover requirements (assume non-epoxy rebars): Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. The superstructure is the portion of a building that is constructed above the ground level. The primary objective of the substructure components is to transfer the load coming from the superstructure to the underlying soil layer. . Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. In a bridge, the portion of the structure that is the span and directly receives the live load is referred to as the superstructure. However, it permits longitudinal movements. Beam: A beam is a structural component on a bridge that resists loads applied to its axis. The following components must be part of the inspection programs for cable-stayed bridges: Stay Cables: Inspected for cracks or vehicular impact damage on the protective coverings and their retention of design tension forces. A semi-analytical model, Irresistible content for immovable prospects, How To Build Amazing Products Through Customer Feedback. Calculate the dead load of the bridge superstructure components for the controlling interior girder. The arches in case of the arch bridges help to resist the forces acting on the bridge. No public clipboards found for this slide. Superstructure or Decking This includes slab, girder, truss, etc. They transfer the load on the underlying strata evenly. AI and Machine Learning Demystified by Carol Smith at Midwest UX 2017, Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project, Harry Surden - Artificial Intelligence and Law Overview. The main components of a bridge are the foundation, substructure, and the superstructure. Figure showing Substructure and Superstructure of a General Building.. Substructure Definition. Steel bridges are built for many purposes carrying a highway, railway track for support of water pipes gas oil pipes, etc. Submitted by: Sponsored by Karma Shopping LTD This free shopping hack is yours. Substructure can be built of brick/ stone masonry, plain/ reinforced/ prestressed concrete and steel. A superstructure (the bridge deck) is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline called ground level and it usually serves the purpose of the structure's intended use. Beam & Girders 5. No cleaning or painting every five years is necessary. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Bridge Superstructure Components There are several different shapes of beams used throughout the U.S. today for bridges, mostly determined by each state. Manufacture Process, Properties, Disadvantage, and Advantages, Types of Rail, Guage of Railway And Types Of Rail Joints, Bending Moment:- Types, Formula, Limitations, Types of Bending Stress, How can you analyse vertical loads in the buildings, Tube Structue System:- Types and Factures, Types of clay Products| Clay products used in Construction and Buildings, 11 best companies of civil engineering in India, 11 Types of Geosynthetics materials, Properties, and advantages, Superstructure The superstructure of a bridge is analogous to a single-story building roof and substructure to that of the wall, column, and foundation. A. Pylon/Tower. View Major Components of Bridge.docx from CE 206 at Tech Era College Of Sciences & IT, Muzaffarabad. This bears the load passing over it and transmits the forces caused by the same to the substructures. In other words, bearing transfers the load coming from the superstructure to the substructure components of the bridge. The structures above the baring and the wearing surface. 1. Components of a Suspension Bridge. Bearings The majority of concrete bridges use beams. These members can be structural or non-structural. The parapets and the handrails serve as the protective safety elements of the bridge. The girder, slab, haunch, and exterior diaphragm loads are applied to the noncomposite section; the parapets and future wearing surface are applied to the composite section. Approaches 10. Beam bridges are typically the simplest and therefore, least strong and flexible over longer distances. whose flooring supported at top of superstructures. The rotational movements are induced by the moments whereas the translational movements include the displacements in both the vertical and horizontal directions due to in-plane or out-of-plane forces like wind and self-weight. Bridges in America are aging and deteriorating, causing substantial financial strain on federal resources and tax payers' money. How To Calibrate The Paint Thickness Gauge. . By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. (Classification of bridge, components of bridges, basic parts of a bridge). Piers are also capable of resisting the horizontal forces. basic parts of a bridge. Parts of A Bridge The following are major bridge parts, 1. Mostly, the deck may be made up of steel grids, wood planks, or reinforced concrete slabs. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Superstructure of the bridge bears the load passing over it. Superstructure or decking component 2. It is approximately 130 ft long by 60 ft wide by 40 ft high (39.6 m by 18.3 m by 12.2 m), divided into four levels, and is made of balsa-cored glass and/or carbon/vinyl ester sandwich panels ( LeGault, 2010). Some suspension bridges contain more than 10000 wires in each cable. The primitive suspension bridge was developed by Indians, Greek, and Romans. A wide variety of bearings have been developed. The superstructure consists of the structural members carrying a communication route. Building parts located above ground such as the column, beam, floor, roof, etc. . This Cable was once built as gigantic chains until it was found that a cable made of thousands of steel wire would be much stronger. A parapet prevents the vehicles from falling off. Mostly, caps are also provided at both the ends of the pin. ii) Arches and CablesArch bridges have arches, whereas suspension and cable-stayed bridges have cables. It can be used for span varying from 35 to 60 m they are also provided over deep gorges to be crossed by single span where the use of centering is not possible. Aside from that, the parapet serves as a noise barrier and prevents garbage and trash from passing beneath it. Tap here to review the details. This results in the rise of the water level above its normal level while passing under the bridge. This term is applied to various kinds of physical structures such as buildings, . The first bridges were built in prehistoric times by bridging small waterways with fallen trees or togs of wood. Deck Deck is the portion which carries all the traffic. Classification of bridge. Position (scale, suspended, rotating). The cables in the suspension bridge serve as the tensile element that provides support to the deck as well as transfer the loads to the supporting towers and anchorages. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. which are responsible for transfers the above loads toward the soil. The internal and external elements of a building that is over the substructure. It comprises the deck slab, girders, truss, etc. Classification of bridge, components of bridges, basic parts of a bridge. Is called the deck. i) Beams and Girders The beams and girders are used to support and prevent the road pavement from bending. The bearings also stabilize and permit translational and rotational movements. etc. Landing in a Staircase | 2 Types of Landing in a Staircase | Objectives & Codal Provisions, Specific Gravity of Cement | Le-Chateliers Flask Method, Solution of Concrete Dusting: Causes & Preventive Measures of Concrete Dusting, Yurt: Build Process; 8 Facts; Pros and cons.